The heel spur, or calcaneal spur, is a bony growth of calcium that projects from the calcaneus, or heel bone, to the area where ligaments and tendons attach. These spurs are mostly seen in arthritic persons more than forty years old, affecting men and women equally.
Heel spurs are caused by various diseases like arthritis, degenerative illnesses, or prolonged stresses upon the heel bone. They are related to soreness of the Achilles tendon. In the end, an anatomical change results, and the heel bone copes by depositing calcium on the soft tissue attachments. Once afflicted, it becomes a persistent problem, even despite heel spurs treatment.
Pain from heel spurs is most intense upon beginning to walk from rest, and after straining the foot the previous day. This pain will ease slightly during walking, but constant exertion would ultimately worsen the swelling and make the entire heel painful. All of it originates from inflammation around the heel area, and is thus the target of most treatments.
Most heel spurs treatment only relieves the pain, and are temporary in nature. The first method is to stretch and elevate the foot. This would reduce the blood flow around the area and decrease the swelling, relieving the pain. The next option in heel spurs treatment is to place a shoe insert on the heel area of one's footwear. It serves to both shift the weight away from the heel and to cushion the heel attachment itself. One other heel spur treatment is to make use of night splints to keep the heel stretched while sleeping.
Other heel spurs treatment involves therapies. One is diathermy, where heat is produced on the heel to relieve swelling. The other is ultrasound, where sound waves stimulate blood flow on the heel by simulating a massaging motion. Then there are whirlpool baths, where the massaging action is simulated by a jet stream of water. There are even home therapies, such as ice packs, borax solution, chlorinated water, and apple cider vinegar, which allegedly relieve the pain.
If the other heel spur treatment failed, shots of cortisone around the heel may additionally be done to relieve the inflammation and pain. ESWT or extracorporeal shock wave therapy, can also be done to induce better tissue repair processes, and can be considered prior to surgical excision which is probably the most definitive heel spurs treatment. It can be done by open or endoscopic methods. Surgery is dangerous however, and is recommended only as a last resort, such as when nerves are already being compressed, and only after the more conservative methods have been tried.
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